Inaugurated in 1868, the monument commemorates Luther's appearance before the Diet. He is surrounded by the precursors of the Reformation, including Savonarola, and Reformist theologians, such as Melanchthon, his disciple. The Landgrave of Hesse, Philip the Magnanimous and the Elector of Saxony, Luther's protector, are also depicted. Women symbolize the towns of Speyer, Augsburg and Magdeburg.